Space
Black holes could be wormholes in outer space, study shows
If wormholes exist in space, they are very similar to black holes, physicists say. This raises the possibility that we could see them without knowing it.
The universe is full of exciting things, like black holes or merging neutron stars. However, all this looks trite compared to what scientists call wormholes, which hypothetically connect parts of space in different parts of the universe.
Many physicists are skeptical that wormholes exist, or at least that three-dimensional objects can pass through them unharmed.
As telescopes develop, a more and more exciting question arises: if wormholes exist, why have we never discovered them? Four Bulgarian physicists believe that perhaps we simply did not recognize them.
Most of the black holes we’ve identified are known either from their gravitational effects on the stars around them or from the jets of material ejected from their accretion disks. If any of them were indeed wormholes, we would be unlikely to know about it.
However, observing the polarization around M87* with the Event Horizon Telescope and its follow-up to Sagittarius A* is another matter entirely. In these cases, we saw the shadow of the object itself on its event horizon and hoped to spot something that looked like a wormhole.
The possibility of wormholes excites physicists, however, as Petya Nedkova and co-authors of the study from Sofia University note, we do not know what they might look like.
Scientists in their study are trying to solve this problem and come to the conclusion that, when viewed from a large angle, wormholes will not look like anything we have previously seen.
However, the authors believe that at low tilt angles, the wormhole will have a “very similar polarization pattern” to a black hole. Therefore, M87*, seen at the assumed angle of 17°, could be a wormhole and we would not know it.
This does not mean that we are absolutely unable to distinguish between wormholes and black holes.
“More significant differences are observed for highly lensed indirect images, where the polarization intensity of a wormhole can increase by an order of magnitude compared to a black hole,” the authors write.
The lensing does not come from a massive object between us and the hole creating a gravitational lens. The photons’ trajectories are distorted by the hole’s huge gravitational field, causing them to make a partial loop around the hole before heading towards us.
The situation becomes even more complicated if we assume that matter or light can pass through the wormhole in any direction. If so, then signals from the area outside the entrance are able to reach us.
They will change the polarized image of the disk that we see around the hole, while the light coming from another place will have different polarization properties. This can provide what the authors call “a characteristic signature for wormhole geometry detection.”
The authors of the study acknowledge that their findings are based on a “simplified model of a ring of magnetized fluid” orbiting a black hole. More advanced models will help identify differences and use them to distinguish a wormhole from a black hole in other ways.
Article published in Physical Review D.
A former US Air Force fighter pilot asserts that he has deciphered
the method behind the extraordinary maneuvers of UFOs, reports dailystar.co.uk.
Over
the past two decades, numerous military encounters with these enigmatic
crafts have been reported, prompting a significant investigation by the
Pentagon.
One of the most renowned sightings occurred during the
USS Nimitz encounter, where fighter pilots witnessed a UFO descending
from 28,000 feet to just above sea level in less than a second.
This
astonishing movement would imply that the craft reached a staggering
speed of 19,000 miles per hour, a velocity that would be fatal to any
human pilot.
According
to Chris Lehto, a former USAF pilot, the craft exhibits two key
characteristics: it moves without inertia, essentially lacking weight,
and it accelerates at an incredibly rapid pace without affecting its
surroundings.
Image: NATO Allied Air Command/Facebook
Chris
believes that the explanation lies within a technology that seems
straight out of science fiction. He proposes that the answer to the UFO
enigma lies in the Alcubierre Drive, a theoretical interstellar engine
conceptualized by Mexican physicist Miguel Alcubierre in 1994.
The
Alcubierre Drive employs a form of “space warp” technology, reminiscent
of what has been depicted in episodes of Star Trek. By bending space, a
craft inside a “warp bubble” could potentially travel at or even
surpass the speed of light without violating the known laws of physics.
While
the Alcubierre Drive remains a hypothetical concept with challenges to
overcome, Chris notes that the required energy is no longer believed to
be unattainably large.
Patents
filed with the US patent office outline the potential workings of the
drive, as well as another groundbreaking technology theorized by
American aerospace engineer Salvatore Pais.
Pais suggests that
high-powered rotating magnets could theoretically eliminate an object’s
inertia, and he has filed a patent for a starship based on this
principle.
However, Chris maintains skepticism regarding Pais’
theory. He explains that while Pais’s patent applications for the US
Navy attracted attention for their potential energy-related
applications, doubts have been raised about their feasibility. There is
speculation that they may be scams, pseudoscience, or disinformation
intended to mislead adversaries of the United States.
Alternatively,
rival theories propose that the “Tic Tac” UFO is a classified Pentagon
project testing similar advanced technologies discussed by Chris.
Scientists say they have found evidence of a new Earth-like
planet that has suddenly appeared in our Solar System and is orbiting
the Sun.
Physicists, including those from the National Astronomical Observatory
of Japan, said the planet is likely to be the mysterious ‘Planet Nine’
that was hypothesised to exist in the far outer edges of the Solar
System.
Several studies in the past have suggested there is likely an
undiscovered planet beyond the Kuiper Belt – a stellar disk of materials
such as asteroids, space rocks, comets around the Sun in the outer
Solar System past the orbit of Neptune.
Independent.co.uk reports: In the new research, published recently in The Astronomical Journal, scientists
found that some of the objects in the Kuiper Belt behave in a way
indicative of the presence of a small planet among them.
One such object, they said, is about 500 astronomical units (AU) from
the Sun, where 1 AU is the distance between the Sun and the Earth.
In comparison Neptune is at a distance of 30 AUs from the Sun.
Some of these were also found to have “odd” orbits suggesting they
are being pull by the gravity of a cosmic entity larger than those that
typically influence such objects.
Computer simulations run by the scientists indicate that the most
likely explanation for the observations was another hidden planet in the
Kuiper Belt.
“We predict the existence of an Earth-like planet,” researchers wrote in the study.
“It is plausible that a primordial planetary body could survive in
the distant Kuiper Belt as a Kuiper Belt planet (KBP), as many such
bodies existed in the early solar system,” they added.
If such a planet exists, researchers say it would have a mass about
1.5 to 3 times that of Earth with an inclination of about 30 degrees.
They say the theorised planet’s orbit would likely place it between 250 and 500 AU from the Sun.
Researchers say the discovery of such a planet close to the Kuiper
Belt can unravel new constraints on planet formation and evolution.
“In conclusion, the results of the KBP scenario support the existence
of a yet-undiscovered planet in the far outer solar system,” scientists
noted.
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