Archaeology
Archaeologists search for missing persons from the October 7th massacre
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A team of archaeologists from the Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA) have been enlisted by the Israel Defence Force (IDF) to search for remains of missing persons from the 7th October massacre.
The Hamas-led attack commenced on the morning of October 7th, with Palestinian militants in Gaza firing more than 5,000 rockets at Israeli cities and kibbutzim.
Concurrently, around 3,000 militants breached the Gaza-Israel barrier, killing anyone they found in the surrounding area or abducting over 200 civilians and Israeli soldiers. More than a dozen massacres, such as the Re’im music festival massacre, resulted in the tragic loss of over 1,400 Israeli lives.
In response, Israel declared a state of war on October 8th, constituting the fifth war of the Gaza–Israel conflict, which is part of the broader Israeli–Palestinian conflict. As of the 6th November, the Hamas-run Gaza Health Ministry reports over 10,000 Palestinians being killed in the conflict.
Image Credit : IAA
IAA archaeologists have been enlisted to join the efforts in searching for missing persons in the houses and cars that were incinerated during the October 7th massacre.
Using the techniques and knowledge gained from excavations of burnt and destroyed ancient sites, they have unearthed numerous indicators of human remains which will hopefully provide conclusive evidence on the fate of the families’ missing loved ones.
Over the course of two weeks, the IAA team have carefully searched and sifted through the ashes of the incinerated homes where families from Kibbutz Beeri, Kfar Aza, and Nir Oz were attacked. Additionally, they’ve examined the contents of vehicles from the gathering held at Kibbutz Reim.
According to the IAA: “The archaeological methods employed at ancient sites are similar to the methods applied here, but it is one thing to expose 2000-year-old destruction remains, and quite another thing—heart-rending and unfathomable—to carry out the present task searching for evidence of our sisters and brothers in the settlements.”
Header Image Credit : IAA
Archaeology
Ornate grave goods found in Murom burial ground
Archaeologists from the Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences have been excavating a burial ground associated with the Finnic Muromians.
The Finnic Muromians were groups of settlers that lived within the vicinity of the Volga and Oka rivers. They spoke Muromian, an Uralic language that became extinct following their assimilation by the Slavs.
The burial ground, which dates from the early 10th century AD, was discovered on the eastern bank of the Oka river, located in the Nizhny Novgorod Region of Russia.
A total of seventeen burial pits have been identified, nine of which have been severely damaged through looting.
The surviving 8 burials contain the remains of four children, two women, and two men.
The men were accompanied with an ornate collection of grave goods, including arrowheads, knives, bronze bracelets, iron plates, a bronze buckle, and a whetstone.
At the bottom of one of the pits is a heavily corroded axe, along with a flint that has traces of iron-coated embossed leather and textile threads.
The burials containing women were also accompanied with high status funerary goods, such as a necklace of red-brown prismatic and dark blue berry-shaped beads of Byzantine origin, signet ring-shaped pendants, plate bracelets, a bronze spiral, and a silver ring.
Traces of wood within the pit fillings suggest that they originally contained a wooden structure, similar to a log house made of thin beams and covered with birch bark.
According to the Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences: “The culmination of the discoveries at the site were two clay vessels, testifying to direct and close contacts between the right-bank Muromians and the Old Russian population.”
Header Image Credit : Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Sources : Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences
This content was originally published on www.heritagedaily.com – © 2023 – HeritageDaily
Archaeology
Ghastly finds at gallows execution site
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Archaeologists from the State Office for Monument Preservation and Archaeology of Saxony-Anhalt are currently excavating the site of a former gallows in Quedlinburg, Germany.
Gallows are usually wooden structures made of two vertical posts, a horizontal crossbeam, and a hanging noose. They have been used for executing criminals by hanging, a prevalent form of capital punishment in Europe since the Middle Ages.
Archaeologists are currently excavating a gallows site on Galgenberg, or ‘Gallows Hill,’ which was used for public executions by the courts in Quedlinburg from 1662 to 1809.
Excavations have revealed complete and partial burials in the area, along with bone pits containing multiple bundled burials, likely the result of mass executions carried out in a short period.
Image Credit : LDA
According to the State Office for Monument Preservation and Archaeology of Saxony-Anhalt, “these discoveries provide unique insights into penal practices from the Middle Ages and early modern times.”
A burial unrelated to the gallows has also been unearthed, featuring a wooden coffin containing the skeletal remains of an individual buried with a rosary chain.
Archaeologists propose that the burial’s characteristics suggest that the individual was likely a suicide victim, denied burial in consecrated ground so was placed in the cemetery near the gallows.
Also discovered is a so-called ‘revenant grave’, where the skeletal remains of a man was found placed on his back with several large stones placed across his chest.
According to the researchers, the stones were likely placed to prevent the individual from rising as a revenant, which are described as animated corpses in the verbal traditions and lore of many European ethnic groups.
In medieval times, those inflicted with the revenant condition were generally suicide victims, witches, corpses possessed by a malevolent spirit, or the victim of a vampiric attack.
Header Image Credit : LDA
Sources : State Office for Monument Preservation and Archaeology of Saxony-Anhalt
This content was originally published on www.heritagedaily.com – © 2023 – HeritageDaily
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