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New study seeks to explain the ‘Mandela Effect’ – the bizarre phenomenon of shared false memories

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Imagine the Monopoly Man. Is he wearing a monocle or not?

If you pictured the character from the popular board game wearing one, you’d be wrong. In fact, he has never worn one.

If you’re surprised by this, you’re not alone. Many people possess the same false memory of this character. This phenomenon takes place for other characters, logos and quotes, too. For example, Pikachu from Pokémon is often thought to have a black tip on his tail, which he doesn’t have. And many people are convinced that the Fruit of the Loom logo includes a cornucopia. It doesn’t.

We call this phenomenon of shared false memories for certain cultural icons the “visual Mandela Effect.”

People tend to be puzzled when they learn that they share the same false memories with other people. That’s partly because they assume that what they remember and forget ought to be subjective and based on their own personal experiences.

However, research we have conducted shows that people tend to remember and forget the same images as one another, regardless of the diversity of their individual experiences. Recently, we have shown these similarities in our memories even extend to our false memories.

What is the Mandela Effect?

The term “Mandela Effect” was coined by Fiona Broome, a self-described paranormal researcher, to describe her false memory of former South African president Nelson Mandela dying in prison in the 1980s.

She realized that many other people also shared this same false memory and wrote an article about her experience on her website. The concept of shared false memories spread to other forums and websites, including Reddit.

Since then, examples of the Mandela Effect have been widely shared on the internet. These include names like “the Berenstain Bears,” a children’s book series that is falsely remembered as spelled “-ein” instead of “-ain,” and characters like Star Wars’ C-3PO, who is falsely remembered with two gold legs instead of one gold and one silver leg.

The Fruit of the Loom logo has never had a cornucopia. Wikimedia Commons

The Mandela Effect became fodder for conspiracists – the false memories so strong and so specific that some people see them as evidence of an alternate dimension.

Because of that, scientific research has only studied the Mandela Effect as an example of how conspiracy theories spread on the internet. There has been very little research looking into the Mandela Effect as a memory phenomenon.

But understanding why these icons trigger such specific false memories might give us more insight into how false memories form. The visual Mandela Effect, which affects icons specifically, was a perfect way to study this.

A robust false memory phenomenon

To see whether the visual Mandela Effect really exists, we ran an experiment in which we presented people with three versions of the same icon. One was correct and two were manipulated, and we asked them to select the correct one. There were 40 sets of icons, and they included C-3PO from the Star Wars franchise, the Fruit of the Loom logo and the Monopoly Man from the board game.

In the results, which have been accepted for publication in the journal Psychological Sciences, we found that people fared very poorly on seven of them, only choosing the correct one around or less than 33% of the time.

For these seven images, people consistently identified the same incorrect version, not just randomly choosing one of the two incorrect versions. In addition, participants reported being very confident in their choices and having high familiarity with these icons despite being wrong.

Put together, it’s clear evidence of the phenomenon that people on the internet have talked about for years: The visual Mandela Effect is a real and consistent memory error.

The correct version of Pikachu is the one on the left (a first one). Most participants in the study not only chose a wrong version of the popular cartoon character, but they also chose the same wrong one – the Pikachu with the black tip on its tail. Wilma Bainbridge and Deepasri Prasad, CC BY-SA

We found that this false memory effect was incredibly strong, across multiple different ways of testing memory. Even when people saw the correct version of the icon, they still chose the incorrect version just a few minutes later.

And when asked to freely draw the icons from their memory, people also included the same incorrect features.

No universal cause

What causes this shared false memory for specific icons?

We found that visual features like color and brightness could not explain the effect. We also tracked participants’ mouse movements as they viewed the images on a computer screen to see if they simply didn’t scan over a particular part, such as Pikachu’s tail.

But even when people directly viewed the correct part of the image, they still chose the false version immediately afterward. We also found that for most icons, it was unlikely people had seen the false version beforehand and were just remembering that version, rather than the correct version.

It may be that there is no one universal cause. Different images may elicit the visual Mandela Effect for different reasons. Some could be related to prior expectations for an image, some might be related to prior visual experience with an image and others could have to do with something entirely different than the images themselves.

For example, we found that, for the most part, people only see C-3PO’s upper body depicted in media. The falsely remembered gold leg might be a result of them using prior knowledge – bodies are usually only one color – to fill in this gap.

But the fact that we can demonstrate consistencies in false memories for certain icons suggests that part of what drives false memories is dependent on our environment – and independent of our subjective experiences with the world.

Authors: Deepasri Prasad, Ph.D. Student in Cognitive Neuroscience, Dartmouth College and Wilma Bainbridge, Assistant Professor of Psychology, University of Chicago

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article

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Exposed: Hollywood Elite’s Adrenochrome Rituals Revealed on French TV – Media Blackout

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A man with close links to the political and entertainment industry elite dropped a series of truth bombs on French TV this week, naming and shaming multiple celebrities for using adrenochrome as part of depraved occult rituals to get high and stay young.

Gérard Fauré is well-known in France due to his previous career as drug dealer to the stars. Because there are few secrets of the elite Fauré does not know about, he’s a regular guest on TV shows including Touche Pas à Mon Poste, the highly popular show that invited him on this week to discuss Pierre Palmade, a comedian who was involved in a scandalous car crash involving rent boys, enormous doses of cocaine, pedophilic material, and the death of a pregnant woman’s unborn child.

In other words, Palmade was involved in typical occult elite degeneracy.

But the producers of the show got more than they bargained for when Fauré decided to reveal the truth about the degenerate rituals of far more famous names than just Pierre Palmade. Here is the moment Fauré mentions adrenochrome, to the shock and horror of the other panelists.

Another guest (who seemed less outraged than the others) stated that the adrenochrome “conspiracy theory” is rather plausible. She explained that the substance is extracted from children’s blood and is consumed by rich and powerful people to remain youthful.

Fauré claimed that several celebrities consume adrenochrome on a regular basis and named Celine Dion as a prime example. In recent months, Fauré stated that Dion’s mysterious degenerative illness was due to her abusive consumption of adrenochrome.

When asked by an incredulous guest where these sacrificed children come from, Fauré answered that they’re mainly kidnapped. He stated that over 58,000 children are kidnapped in France every year and that only two-thirds are found. He then asked: Where is the remaining third?

Later, Fauré stated that he testified in a case where a woman was looking to sell her daughter to an adrenochrome lab in Dijon. Seemingly on a roll, he added that Yves St-Laurent and other people in the fashion industry were pedo criminals.

When Fauré mentioned the names of France’s President Emmanuel Macron and his 69-year-old wife Brigitte, the interview was suddenly cut short. One can only wonder what he was about to reveal.

It’s not just in France where brave insiders are beginning to come forward and shed light on the depraved secrets of the occult elite.

Hollywood actor Jim Caviezel, who played the role of Jesus in Mel Gibson’s epic Passion of the Christ, has also gone on record admitting that children are being kidnapped and trafficked by Hollywood elites.

Caviezel appeared at the Clay Clark’s Health and Freedom Conference near Tulsa, Oklahoma in November and addressed the issue of child trafficking in Hollywood, revealing that the entertainment industry elite are “raping and murdering” children for adrenochrome.

According to Caviezel, who was promoting new movie Sound of Freedom, Hollywood elites are addicted to adrenochrome and “gut kids alive” to get their fix of the drug which is released as a chemical in the body of terrified children.

Sound of Freedom tells the story of Tim Ballard, a former CIA operative, who quits his job as a Special Agent with Homeland Security Investigations (HSI).

Caviezel also revealed that Tim Ballard, the author who he portrays in the film, is “down there saving children as we speak, because they’re pulling kids out of the darkest recesses of hell right now, in dumps and all kinds of places. The adrenochroming of children, look…”

Caviezal is a Hollywood veteran, with leading roles in blockbuster films including Pay It Forward, The Thin Red Line, the Count of Monte Cristo, and Frequency. The man clearly knows his way around Hollywood, which is why it is so impressive that he is coming forward and risking his career – and even his life – to expose the evil at the top of the industry.

It’s not the first time Caviezel has exposed the horror of child trafficking by Hollywood elite, describing it as “the worst horror I have ever seen.”

“Essentially, you have adrenaline in your body and when you are scared you produce adrenaline. If you are an athlete in the fourth quarter, you have adrenaline that comes out of you. If a child knows he is going to die, his body will secrete this adrenaline and they have a lot of terms they use, but umm… It’s the worst horror I’ve ever seen. It’s screaming alone, even if I never saw it. These people that do it, there will be no mercy for them.”

Jim Caviezal not the only one who is coming forward and exposing the elites. Mel Gibson, who directed Caviezal in The Passion of the Christ, has also gone on record denouncing Hollywood as a “den of parasites” who “feast on the blood of kids.”

During a “controversial” appearance on the Graham Norton Show on the BBC in 2017, Gibson educated shocked guests about the real nature of Hollywood elites in the green room backstage after his appearance.

Hollywood studios are “drenched in the blood of innocent children” according to Mel Gibson who claimed the consumption of “baby blood is so popular in Hollywood that it basically operates as a currency of its own.

Hollywood elites are an “enemy of mankind continually acting contrary to our best interests” and “breaking every God given taboo known to man, including the sanctity of children,” Gibson continued.

“It’s an open secret in Hollywood,” he said. These people have their own religious and spiritual teachings and their own social and moral frameworks. They have their sacred texts – they are sick, believe me – and they couldn’t be more at odds with what America stands for.

The mainstream media quickly pounced on Gibson’s revelations, deployed fact checkers including Snopes to declare the comments fake news, and proceeded to delete every video and article from the internet. In short, the mainstream media memory-holed them. Mel Gibson’s voice was silenced.

A celebrity cannot speak out against the system without being silenced and punished. Gibson’s career has not been the same since.

That’s why it’s so important as many people as possible get to hear Jim Caviezal’s words before the mainstream media cancel him and destroy the evidence.

We have seen it happen so many times before. In recent times, Nicole Kidman and Lindsay Lohan also spoke out about pedophilia in Hollywood, before backtracking, attempting to cover their tracks, and pretending they never said what they did. Lohan and Kidman understand the nature of the consequences for those who bite the hand that feeds them.

Close friends of Chris Cornell, Chester Bennington, Coolio and Anne Heche have come forward with remarkably similar stories, revealing the stars were working on exposing the pedophile ring at the heart of the music industry – and it cost them their lives.

These are dark times and bravery is required to live with eyes wide open.

It’s vital that Jim Caviezel’s revelations about pedophilia among the elite is heard by as many people as possible before mainstream media and the tech giants censor and silence him, as they did to his friend and mentor Mel Gibson.

No doubt the fact checkers are planning to delete his words from the internet and declare them fake news. That’s how they continue to keep the majority in the dark about the nature of the globalist elite who control the media and entertainment industries.

(Article by Baxter Dmitry republished from newspunch.com)

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28 girls pass out in Colombia after playing with Ouija board

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A group of 28 schoolgirls were recently taken to a Columbia hospital after they passed out under very strange circumstances. It is indicated that this happened during a lesson at the Galeras educational institution in Pasto in the south of the country.

Information about the diagnoses of the students was not disclosed, however, many parents blame the Ouija boards, with which the schoolgirls allegedly had fun shortly before losing consciousness.

Ouija boards were created in the US in 1886 as a form of entertainment, but quickly became an integral part of the occult. It is believed that spirits can communicate with the world of the living through the Ouija board.

The girls reportedly had panic attacks and other strange symptoms before they passed out and were hospitalized.

The head of the school, Hugo Torres, meanwhile, asks people not to panic and not spread unverified information: “There were 28 possible cases of anxiety in school students.

“Given the reported cases, a series of comments were unleashed on the community that, rather than helping to resolve the situation, led to confusion and an adverse environment for our work.

“The students were referred to the local municipal hospital according to protocols in place. Directors and teachers accompanied the students during the evaluation process.

“The respective parents and/or guardians were informed of the situation at the time.”

The school is now awaiting medical reports before providing an update on the incident. One mother who works at the hospital said she saw three or four children arrive here after fainting.

She said: “Parents, you have to move, investigate what’s happening at school because our children cannot continue in this situation. Our children always have a good breakfast and it cannot be said that what’s happening is due to lack of food.”

It is curious that in November 2022, in the same Colombia, a similar case also occurred with schoolchildren who lost consciousness after playing with the Ouija board.

Then 5 teenagers were taken to the hospital, but in total there were 11 people aged 13 to 17 who were injured. They were found lying unconscious in the school corridor.

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