Space
The physicist is sure that he solved the mystery of what was before the Big Bang

British physicist Roger Penrose spoke about his version of what happened before the Big Bang at an online event at the Sakha Institute of Nuclear Physics in Calcutta, India, reports Outlook India.
According to the professor, before the formation of our Universe, there was another one, and the Big Bang marked the end of the existence of that Universe.
Thus, Penrose considers it probable that the universe is in fact constantly going through a cycle of births and deaths.
Roger Penrose
Nobel Laureate, Penrose, said, “There was something before the Big Bang and that something is what we will have in our future.” He also claims that evidence of this previous universe is present in black holes.
According to Penrose, who was a contemporary of Stephen Hawking, the Big Bang actually began in the remote future of the previous aeon (duration of one universe).
Penrose said that evidence of this older universe can be found in current black holes and unexplained spots of electromagnetic radiation in the sky (Hawking Points).
This is part of a theory called the “conformal cyclic cosmology” which postulates that the universe goes through infinite cycles where Big Bang is the birth of a new universe.
“The big bang just marked the end of the universe that existed before ours. Evidence that a previous universe existed can still be observed today,” said the scientist.
Roger Penrose, along with German Reinhard Gensel and American Andrea Ghez, received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2020 for their discovery that the formation of black holes is a reliable prediction of general relativity.
Space
Earth-like world covered by raging volcanoes found in space

Scientists at the University of California have discovered a planet
that may bear a resemblance to Earth. However, unlike our planet, this
peaceful planet is covered with fierce volcanoes. News of the discovery
was published in the journal Nature.
The new planet was discovered using the Kepler telescope, which
explores outer space in search of exoplanets. According to scientists,
the planet is in the life zone of its star and may have conditions for
the development of life.
However, the presence of volcanoes on the surface of this planet may
mean that it is not suitable for life. This is due to the fact that
volcanoes can emit gases into the atmosphere, which can be poisonous to
living organisms.
On the other hand, scientists believe that the presence of volcanoes
on this planet may mean there is a magnetic field that protects it from
harmful cosmic rays. This may be one of the factors contributing to the
development of life on this planet.
Although the planet is 110 light years away from Earth, scientists
hope that it could be the subject of future research. However, this will
require new telescopes and more accurate measurement methods.
Interestingly, the search for exoplanets is one of the hottest topics
in modern astronomy. Scientists around the world are looking for
planets that may have conditions for the development of life. Some of
these planets are only a few light years away from Earth.
In addition, there is a theory that life on Earth may have originated
through volcanic activity. Volcanoes may have created the conditions
for the formation of the first organic compounds, which then led to the
emergence of life.
Space
Asteroid 1994 XD: Threat to Earth or opportunity for space exploration?

On June 12, 2023, the asteroid 1994 XD, which is over 500 meters in
diameter, will approach Earth. Despite the fact that it will be 3.1
million kilometers away, which is 8 times the average distance to the
Moon, many are asking – can this asteroid become a threat to our planet?
It is worth noting that asteroids, like comets, pose a threat to the
Earth, but the probability of collision with them is very low. In
addition, there are many programs and projects to track space bodies,
which allow you to identify a potential threat in time and take measures
to prevent it.
However, asteroids are also of interest to scientists and space
research. Studying the composition and structure of these bodies can
help scientists better understand the origin of the solar system and the
possibilities for life in space.
For example, asteroids may contain water and other elements necessary
for life, which could be used to build space stations and bases on
other planets. In addition, studying asteroids can help scientists
develop methods to defend against potential threats from space.
The asteroid 1994 XD was discovered in 1994 by the Kitt Peak
Observatory and has not posed a threat to Earth since then. Its close
approach to our planet will be an opportunity to study this cosmic body
in more detail and expand our knowledge of space.
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